Biography of jacques charles
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Jacques Charles
French inventor, scientist and mathematician (–)
Jacques Alexandre César Charles (12 November – 7 April ) was a Frenchinventor, scientist, mathematician, and balloonist. Charles wrote almost nothing about mathematics, and most of what has been credited to him was due to mistaking him with another Jacques Charles (sometimes called Charles the Geometer[1]), also a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences, entering on 12 May
Charles and the Robert brothers launched the world's first hydrogen-filled gas balloon August 27, ; then December 1, , Charles and his co-pilot Nicolas-Louis Robert ascended to a height of about 1, feet ( m) in a piloted gas balloon. Their pioneering use of hydrogen for lift led to this type of gas balloon being named a Charlière (as opposed to the hot-airMontgolfière).
Charles's law, describing how gases tend to expand when heated, was formulated by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac in , but he credited it to unpublished work by Charles.[2]
Charles was elected to the Académie des Sciences in and subsequently became professor of physics at the Académie de Sciences.[3]
Biography
[edit]Charles was born in Beaugency-sur-Loire in He married Julie Françoise Bouchaud des Hérettes (–), a creole woman 37 years young
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Jacques-Alexandre-C�sar Charles
Charles' Law (Jacques-Alexandre-C�sar Charles)
On 5 June , Joseph and tienne Montgolfier used a fire to inflate a spherical balloon about 30 feet in diameter that traveled about a mile and one-half before it came back to earth. News of this remarkable achievement spread throughout France, and Jacques-Alexandre-C�sar Charles immediately tried to duplicate this performance. As a result of his work with balloons, Charles noticed that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature.
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This relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas, which became known as Charles' law, provides an explanation of how hot-air balloons work. Ever since the third century B.C., it has been known that an object floats when it weighs less than the fluid it displaces. If a gas expands when heated, then a given weight of hot air occupies a larger volume than the same weight of cold air. Hot air is therefore less dense than cold air. Once the air in a balloon gets hot enough, the net weight of the balloon plus this hot air is less than the weight of an equivalent volume of cold air, and the balloon starts to rise. When the gas in the balloon is allowed to cool, the balloon returns to the ground.
Charles' law can be demonstrated
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Scientist of representation Day - Jacques-Alexandre Charles
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